Haemoglobin

1. Describe the difference between structural(Fibrous) and globular protein (in term of structure and function)

	Fibrous (scleroproteins)	Globular
Structure	Strand-like structure Insoluble in water, bases, acids, etc. Helical/Sheet Structure Stronger Bond (Forces of attraction)	Spherical like structure Soluble 3D Shape Weak Bond (Hydrogen Bond)
Function	Only act as structural proteins	Form Enzymes Cellular messengers Amino acids
Example	Keratin(hair, horns, nails, feathers), Collagen and elastin	Hemoglobin

2. Describe the difference between normal hemoglobin with sickle cell anemia hemoglobin (Abnormal).

a. The structure of amino acid , changes in amino acid, changes in 3D structure (Tertiary

   or Quaternary)

b. Changes in function (compared with normal Hemoglobin)

Hemoglobin A = Normal

Hemoglobin B = Sickle Cell Anemia

Difference in position of peptide

Differed from normal hemoglobin by single amino acid, which is the number 6 position in beta chain of hemoglobin is different. Valine is hydrophobic, means that it doesn't like water, and choose to be as far as it can with the water, making the 3D structure of hemoglobin into another shape, half moon shape, instead of circle shaped, and so is called as sicle-cell anemia.  

Normal = 2 alpha and 2 beta chains

Sickle cell anemia = 2 alpha and 2s chains

CHANGE IN FUNCTION

The abnormal one:

• Interrupt the flow in blood vein because of their  

           structure

• They don’t carry oxygen maximally.

Bibliography

MajorDifferences. (2015). Difference Between Globular and Fibrous Proteins. Retrieved 9th September, 2015, from http://www.majordifferences.com/2013/02/difference-between-globular-and-fibrous.html

National Hear, Lung, and Blood Institute. (2015). What Is Sickle Cell Disease?. Retrieved 9th September, 2015, from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sca

Natural Science Learning Center. (2003). The Molecular Biology of Sickle Cell Anemia. Retrieved 9th September, 2015, from http://www.nslc.wustl.edu/sicklecell/part2/molecular.html

rachita. (2014). Difference between globular protein and fibrous proteins. Retrieved 9th September, 2015, from http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-globular-protein-and-fibrous-proteins/

Understanding Evolution. (n.d). A Case Study of the effects of mutation: Sickle cell anemia. Retrieved 9th September, 2015, from http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/mutations_06